By constitutional mandate, in Mexico the exercise of the Executive authority of the Union in under the power of one sole person, which is the “President of the Mexican United States”, position that Felipe Calderon Hinojosa holds from December of the 2006.
The election of the President is direct and begins to exert its order December 1st and it lasts a six-year period. The Presidency of the Republic, the Administrative Secretariats of State, Departments and the Legal Council of the Federal Executive, integrate the Centralized Public Administration.
The citizen who has carried out the position of President of the Republic, elect popularly, or with the temporary, provisional character or substitute, in no case and by no reason can return to carry out that position.
The exercise of the State Executive authority, works of equal way that the Federal. In the state of Baja California Jose Guadalupe Osuna Millan occupies the position of Constitutional Governor, since November of 2007.
Legislative Branch
The Legislative Branch of the Mexican United States deposits in a State Congress that is divided in two Chambers, one of congressmen and another one of Senators.
The House of Representatives is satisfied by a total of 500 congressmen, 300 of who are elect by the principle of relative majority in an equivalent number of electoral districts, and the other 200 by the principle of proportional representation.
The number of federal delegations of relative majority that corresponds to each one of the 31 States and to the Federal District is determined based on the percentage of the population that resides in each one of them on the national total. By constitutional mandate, no federal organization can count on less than two federal delegations.
In which it concerns the Senate, the constitutional reform of 1996 introduced for the first time the principle of proportional representation for its integration, when arranging its application to the election of 32 of its 128 members.
In such virtue, now only three senators are chosen on each one of the 32 federal organizations choose themselves (96 altogether), whereas the 32 remaining benches are assigned according to the principle of proportional representation, by means of the system of lists voted in a single circumscription at national level.
Judicial Branch
The exercise of the judicial Power of the Federation is deposited in Supreme Court of Justice.
In order to name the eleven Ministers of the Supreme Court of Justice, the President of the Republic puts a short list under consideration of the Senate, which, previous appearance of the propose people, to designate the Minister who must fill the vacancy. The designation becomes from the vote of the two third parts of the present members of the Senate, within a no longer term of thirty days.
Every four years, the plenary session chooses of between its members the President of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation, which cannot be reelected for the later immediate period.
